Page 129 - CITS - Electronic Mechanic - TT - 2024

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC - CITS

Smart objects are utilized widely to transform the physical environment around us to a digital world using the
Internet of things (IoT) technologies.
A smart object carries blocks of application logic that make sense for their local situation and interact with human
users. A smart object sense, log, and interpret the occurrence within themselves and the environment, and
intercommunicate with each other and exchange information with people.
The work of smart object has focused on technical aspects (such as software infrastructure, hardware platforms,
etc.) and application scenarios. Application areas range from supply-chain management and enterprise
applications (home and hospital) to healthcare and industrial workplace support. As for human interface aspects
of smart-object technologies are just beginning to receive attention from the environment.

IoT Functional Blocks
IoT systems are composed of a number of building blocks, including sensors/actuators, connectivity, security,
services, etc. The functional blocks are responsible for sensing, verification, actuation, management, and
communication.
These functional blocks are made up of devices that handle interactions between a web server and the client,
enable controls and monitoring functions, manage data transfer, secure the IoT system through authentication
and various purposes, and offer an interface for monitoring and managing various concepts. Let’s gather more
information about the IoT Functional Blocks.
Sensor/Actuator block
The sensor/actuator block serves as the data entry point in an IoT system. Sensors collect data from their
surroundings, whereas actuators drive physical processes. Sensors gather data on temperature, humidity, light,
motion, and other variables, whereas actuators turn on lights, open doors, and control machines. These gadgets
work together to collect data and operate in the physical world.
Connectivity Block
Once the sensor/actuator block has collected data, it must be sent to the remainder of the system. This is when the
connection block enters the picture. The connectivity block is in charge of creating and managing communication
channels amongst IoT system devices. This can be accomplished with the use of several technologies such as
Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and cellular networks.
Data Processing Block
The obtained data is examined and processed in the data processing block. This block is in charge of filtering
out noise and irrelevant data, converting the data into an easily studied format, and recognizing patterns and
anomalies in the data. This block can also execute real-time analysis, enabling speedy data-driven decisions.
Application Block

The application block is the component of the IoT system that gives value to the end user. This block is in charge
of utilizing the processed data to provide a specified function or service. An application block, for example, could
be used to provide insights into energy usage in a building or to adjust the temperature in a greenhouse.

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CITS : E & H - Electronics Mechanic - Lesson 64 - 68