Page 25 - CITS - Electronic Mechanic - TT - 2024

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC - CITS

MODULE 2 : Digital electronics & simulation software

LESSON 5 - 8 : Basic gates

Objectives

At the end of this lesson you shall be able to
• identify the occupational safety devices.
• interpret the different types of safety devices.

Electronic systems usually deal with information. Representation of information is called asignal. Signal in electronics
is generally in form of voltage or current.
There are two types of signals
Analog Signals

Digital Signals
Analogsignal: Signals that are continuous in time and continuous in value are called analog signal.
Digitalsignal: Signals that are discrete intime and discrete in values are called digital signals. Digital presenting values
only eight different values can be represented. Thus a continuous value signal has to be quantized and converted to
discrete value signal.
Comparison of Analog and Digital Systems:

Analog systems Digital systems

1 Analog systems operate on continuous time Digital systems operate on discrete time and
and continuous value signals. discrete value signals generally Represented in
binary.

2 Analog systems are difficult to design. Digital systems are easy to design as most of the
components are in form of Integrated Circuits(IC).
3 Analog systems are mostly custom made and Digital systems have high degree of flexibility.
lack flexibility.
4 Less efficient in storage of information. More efficient in storage of information.

5 Analog signal processed by these systems Digital signal are more noise-immune compared
are affected by noise very easily. to analog signals.
6 Relatively costly compared to digital system Low cost due to mass production of components.

7 Analog systems are more sensitive to Digital systems are less sensitive to parameter
parameter variation. variation
8 No conversion of input signals are required Input signals are converted from analog to digital
before processing form before it is processed
9 As no conversion of input signal is required Due to process of sampling and quantization
there is no loss of information. there is loss of information.
10 Analog systems are more efficient for real time Digital systems may offer limitations for real time
processing processing
Advantages of Digital Systems:
Digital systems are easier to design

Information storage is easy
Accuracy and precision are greater

10