Page 306 - Electrician - TT (Volume 2)

ELECTRICIAN - CITS

The unit of such combination of two layers of semi conductor materials, for producing electric potential difference
in sunlight is called solar cell. Silicon is normally used as solar cell. For building cell, silicon material is cut into
very thin wafers. Some of these wafers are doped with impurities. Then both doped and undoped wafers are
sandwiched together to build solar cell. A metallic strip is attached to two extreme layers to collect current.
A desired number of solar cell are connected together in both parallel and series to form a solar module for
producing desired electricity.
The solar cell can also work in cloudy weather as well as is moon light but the rate of production of electricity low
as and it depends up on intensity of incident light ray.
Fig 1 describes the typical system of solar panels, controller, energy storage, inverter for converting DC into AC
and how the system is connected to power grid.

Fig 1

Assembling and installation of solar panels
A solar panel is a able to function using the solar energy which is derived from the sun. The solar panel installed
on the roof top absorb sun’s light (photons) from the sun.
Silicon and the conductors in use for solar panel converts the sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity flows into
the inverter. It is an renewable energy. The process of converting sunlight to electrical energy and more efficient
than other process.
Solar panel contains many different silicon cells (or) solar cells. The energy derived from the sun is connected into
electricity with help of solar panels.
1 The solar panels installed on the roof top absorb sun’s light from the sun.
2 The silicon and the conductor in the panel convert the sunlight into DC flows into inverter.
3 The inverter then converts DC to AC which can be used at home.
4 Excess electricity that is not used, can be feedback to the grid.

5 When the solar panels produce less power than required at home.
Process of connecting solar panel to electricity
Solar panels is used a special process of connecting photons to electrons to generate a current by making use of
a special type of cell known as photovoltaic cell. These cells are commonly found on the front of calculation and
small gadgets are connected together, called as solar panels (photovoltaic cells) are made up of semiconductor
materials such as silicon, which absorb the light from the sun. The photons in the sunlight current the electron
within the sunlight.

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CITS : Power - Electrician & Wireman - Lesson 106-116