Page 283 - CITS - Electronic Mechanic - TT - 2024

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC - CITS

Another type of motor used in vacuum cleaners is the brushless DC motor, which is more energy-efficient and has
a longer lifespan than the universal motor. Brushless DC motors use electronic commutation instead of brushes to
control the current flow, reducing wear and tear and increasing reliability. This type of motor is also more efficient
than the universal motor, as it produces less heat and requires less energy to operate.

The motor design of a vacuum cleaner can have a significant impact on its overall performance and efficiency. For
example, a motor with high air flow and high speed can provide strong suction power, while a low-speed motor can
produce more torque and be better suited for heavy-duty cleaning tasks. Vacuum cleaners with powerful motors
are typically more expensive, but they can clean more effectively and require less effort on the part of the user.
In addition to the type and design of the motor, the size of the motor can also affect the performance of the vacuum
cleaner. Smaller motors are more energy-efficient, but they may not have the suction power of larger motors. Larger
motors, on the other hand, can provide more suction power but may be more energy-intensive and less efficient.
The electric motor is also an important factor in determining the noise level of a vacuum cleaner. Vacuum cleaners
with high-speed motors can produce a significant amount of noise, making them less suitable for use in quiet or
densely populated areas. To reduce noise levels, some vacuum cleaners use insulated motors or sound-absorbing
materials, while others use low-speed motors or low-noise fans.
Electric circuit and power supply:
Creating a detailed circuit diagram for a vacuum cleaner’s electronic circuit would require specific information
about the vacuum cleaner model and its internal components. However, I can provide a simplified overview of the
key components typically found in such a circuit:

1 Power Supply: This section includes components such as a transformer or power converter to step down the
voltage from the mains power supply to a suitable level for the vacuum cleaner’s operation.
2 Power Switch: This is a simple on/off switch that controls the flow of electricity to the rest of the circuit.

3 Motor Controller: This component regulates the speed and direction of the vacuum cleaner’s motor. It may
include features like variable speed control or reversing functionality.
4 Safety Features: These can include fuses, thermal cutoff switches, or overcurrent protection devices to prevent
damage to the vacuum cleaner or ensure user safety.
5 Sensors (Optional): Some vacuum cleaners may include electronic sensors for tasks such as detecting ob-
structions, measuring airflow, or controlling automatic features like height adjustment.

Keep in mind that the specific layout and components of the circuit can vary greatly depending on the design and
features of the vacuum cleaner.
Mixer Grinder
A mixer grinder is a compact portable electrical machine that is used for mixing and grinding grains.

Generally, the mixer grinder is designed to operate with a 230V AC supply. The internal parts of a mixer grinder
as below,
Universal Series Motor

Three Position Speed Control Rotary Switch
Thermal Overload Relay or overload switch
Indicator Light
Power Switch

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CITS : E & H - Electronics Mechanic - Lesson 160 - 179