Page 168 - CITS - Electronic Mechanic - TT - 2024

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC - CITS

MODULE 10 : Fiber optics communication

LESSON 94 - 99 : Fiber optics communication

Objectives

At the end of this lesson you shall be able to:
• define optic fibre and its types
• state the specifications, advantages, properties etc of optic fibre.

Fiber optics communication

Introduction
Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of
light through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information.
Fiber is preferred over electrical cabling when high bandwidth, long distance, or immunity to electromagnetic
interference are required. This type of communication can transmit voice, video, and telemetry through local
area networks, computer networks, or across long distances. Optical fiber is used by many telecommunications
companies to transmit telephone signals, Internet communication

Fiber Optics
Fiber optics is the technology used by internet services such as Verizon Fios home internet to transmit information
as pulses of light through strands of fiber made of glass or plastic over long distances (TIR-Total Interanl Reflection)
Optical fiber has two layers, the inner layer, and the outer layer.
The inner layer is called the core.
The data pass through a core. This core is made of dense glass or plastic.
The outer layer of a fiber is called cladding.
It is also made of glass or plastic.
Cladding is used in the optical fiber to prevent any refraction while passing data.
The process of communicating using fiber- optics involves the following basic steps:

creating the optical signal involving the use of a transmitter, usually from an electrical signal
relaying the signal along the fiber, ensuring that the signal does not become too distorted or weak
receiving the optical signal
converting it into an electrical signal

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