Page 171 - CITS - Electronic Mechanic - TT - 2024

ELECTRONICS MECHANIC - CITS

4 Low Security Risk:

The growth of the fiber optic communication market is mainly driven by increasing awareness about data security
concerns and use of the alternative raw material. Data or signals are transmitted via light in fiber optic transmission.
Therefore there is no way to detect the data being transmitted by “listening in” to the electromagnetic energy
“leaking” through the cable, whichensures the absolute security of information.
5 Small Size:

Fiber optic cable has a very small diameter. For instance, the cable diameter of a single OM3 multimode fiber
is about 2mm, which is smaller than that of coaxial copper cable. Small size saves more space in fiber optic
transmission.
6 Light Weight:
Fiber optic cables are made of glass or plastic, and they are thinner than copper cables. These make them lighter
and easy to install
7 Easy to Accommodate Increasing Bandwidth:
With the use of fiber optic cable, new equipment canbe added to existing cable infrastructure. Because optical
cable can provide vastly expanded capacity overtheoriginallylaidcable.AndWDM(wavelengthdivisionmultiplexing)
technology, including CWDM and DWDM, enables fiber cables the ability to accommodate more bandwidth
Disadvantages of Fiber Optic Transmission:

Thoughfiberoptictransmissionbringslotsofconvenience,itsdisadvantagesalsocannotbe ignored.Fragility: usually
optical fiber cables are made of glass, which lends to they are more fragile than electrical wires. In addition, glass
can be affected by various chemicals including hydrogen gas (a problem in underwater cables), making them
need more cares when deployed under ground.
1 Difficultt Install:

2 Attenuation & Dispersion: as transmission distance getting longer, light will be attenuated and dispersed,
which requires extra optical components like EDFA to be added.
3 Cost Is Higher Than Copper Cable:

4 SpecialEquipmentIsOftenRequired
Properties of Fiber Optics:
The most important properties for communications are attenuation, light collection and propagation, fiber
dispersion, and mechanical strength
NOTE: Nonlinear effects can be important in some cases, particularly for sensing and high-performance
systems.

Optical fiber has non-induction characteristic, as well as low-loss and broad-bandwidth transmission characteristics,
compared with conventional metallic transmission lines Therefore, optical fiber is foreseen as an excellent
transmission line medium, which is versatile and economical in use for various digital.
Fiber optic cables:
Fiber optic cables are composed of one or more transparent fibers enclosed in protective coverings and strength
members. Fiber optic cables allow signals, such as light, to travel through without interference. A real fiber optic
cable is made of glass which is incredibly pure to allow light to pass through over very long distances. The glass
is then coated in two layers of plastic. The plastic gives the equivalent mirror effect which creates total internal
reflection. Light traveling through the fiber bounces at shallow angles and stays completely within the fiber. This
happens when the light hits the interface at angle larger than the critical angle. At this angle it will not pass through
to the second medium at all

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CITS : E & H - Electronics Mechanic - Lesson 94 - 99