Page 64 - CITS - Electronic Mechanic - TT - 2024
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ELECTRONICS MECHANIC - CITS


                                                  MODULE 3 : Microcontroller (8051)


           LESSON 34 - 42 : Microcontroller



            Objectives

           At the end of this lesson you shall be able to
           •  state about the microcontroller
           •  explain about the types, features of microcontroller.


           A microcontroller is a small and low-cost microcomputer, which is designed to perform the Specific tasks of
           embedded  systems  like  displaying  microwave’s  information,  receiving  remote  signals,  etc.  The  general
           microcontroller  consists of the processor, the memory (RAM, ROM, and EPROM), Serial  ports, peripherals
           (timers, counters), etc.
                                          Block Diagram of a Microcontroller

























            Types of Microcontrollers


           Microcontrollers are divided into various categories based on memory, architecture, bits and instruction sets.
           Following is the list of their types −
           Bit
           Based on bit configuration, the microcontroller is further divided into three categories.
           8-bit  microcontroller− This  type  of  microcontroller  is  used  to  execute  arithmetic  and  logical  operations  like
           addition, subtraction, multiplication division, etc. For example, Intel 8031 and 8051 are 8 bits microcontroller.
           16-bit microcontroller− This type of microcontroller is used to perform arithmetic and logical operations where
           higher accuracy and performance is required. For example, Intel 8096 is a 16-bit microcontroller.
           32-bit microcontroller − This type of microcontroller is generally used in automatically controlled appliances like
           automatic operational machines, medical appliances, etc.

           Memory
           Based on the memory configuration, the microcontroller is further divided into two categories.
           External memory microcontroller − This type of microcontroller is designed in such a way that they do not have
           a program memory on the chip. Hence, it is named as external memory microcontroller. For example: Intel 8031
           microcontroller.




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