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FITTER - CITS

2 Fusion Welding without Pressure by Using Flux Coated Stick Electrode:
This refers to Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), where a flux-coated electrode creates an arc that melts the
base metal and the electrode, forming a weld without the need for external pressure.
3 Fusion Welding without Pressure Source of Heat from Mixture of Fuel Gas and Supporter of Combustion
with Consumable Filler Rod:
This describes Oxy-Acetylene Welding (OAW), where a flame produced by burning acetylene gas with oxygen
melts the base metals, and a consumable filler rod may be added to create the weld joint.

4 Arc Welding Process by Using Non-consumable Tungsten Electrode in an Atmosphere of Shielding
Gas (Argon):
This is Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), also known as Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding, where a non-
consumable tungsten electrode produces an arc in an inert gas atmosphere, typically argon.
5 Arc Welding Process by Using Consumable Continuously Fed Metallic Electrode and in an Atmosphere
of Shielding Gas (CO2, Argon):

This refers to Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), also known as Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding, where a
continuously fed consumable electrode creates an arc in a shielding gas atmosphere, typically a mixture of
CO2 and argon.
6 Arc is Initiated Source of Heat - Covering of Molten Slag - Bare Wire Electrode:
This describes Submerged Arc Welding (SAW), where an arc is initiated beneath a covering of granular flux,
which shields the arc and weld zone. A bare wire electrode is continuously fed into the weld pool.
7 Liquid State Chemical Welding Process by Using Thermite Mixture:

This is Thermite Welding, a process where a chemical reaction between a powdered metal oxide and aluminium
generates heat, melting the base metals and forming a weld.
8 Arc Welding Process by Using Bare Electrode and Granular Flux Arc and Molten Metal Are Hidden by
Flux:
This is Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW), where a tubular electrode filled with flux is used. The flux shields the
arc and weld pool, providing protection from atmospheric contamination.
9 Heat by Friction No Filler Metal:
This describes Friction Welding, where heat is generated by friction between the two workpieces, causing
them to plasticize and form a bond without the need for filler metal.
10 Welding by Using Concentrated Electron Beam:

This is Electron Beam Welding (EBW) a process where a high-velocity beam of electrons is used to generate
heat, melting the base metals and forming a weld in a vacuum environment.
• Application Of Various Welding Process:
1 Hand tools and Hardware Manufacturing:
Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW/MIG) or Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW/ Stick Welding) may be suitable
for joining various types of metals commonly used in hand tools and hardware manufacturing.
2 Construction of Steel Structures and Industrial Fabrication:
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW/ Stick Welding), Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW/MIG), and Flux-Cored
Arc Welding (FCAW) are commonly used for their versatility, suitability for outdoor applications, and ability to
weld thick materials.
3 Fabrication of Sheet Metal, Automobile, and Aircraft Industries:

Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW/MIG) and Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW/TIG) are commonly used for their
ability to weld thin materials with precision and control.
4 Thin Sheets (Ferrous & Non-Ferrous):

Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW/MIG) and Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW/TIG) are preferred for their ability to
produce high-quality welds on thin materials.

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CITS : CG & M - Fitter - Lesson 12