Page 156 - Mechanic Diesel - TT

MECHANIC DIESEL - CITS

Oil sump

An oil sump is fitted on the bottom side of the engine block and stores the lubricating oil and this oil is arranged
to lubricate each part of the engine. A drain plug is provided at the bottom of the sump to drain the oil from the
sump. This drain plug has magnetism. As the oil lubricates each moving part of the engine and enters the sump,
if the oil contains any iron particles from the part, they are attracted by the magnetism on the drain plug and are
not allowed back into the oil.
Components
Pan Body: It usually made of steel or aluminum, which holds the engine oil.
Drain Plug: A plug at the bottom of the sump that can be removed to drain the oil during an oil change.

Gasket or Seal: A gasket or seal that ensures the sump is sealed against the engine block to prevent leakage
in oil
Baffles: Internal structures within the sump that help prevent the oil from sloshing around excessively during
vehicle movement, ensuring a steady prevent of oil to the pump.
Oil strainer: - An oil strainer is a fine wire mesh filter. The strainer is fitted to the suction pipe of the oil pump in
such a way that it is always submerged in the oil in the oil sump. Due to the strainer, the carbon particles, garbage,
metal particles in the oil are blocked and the clean oil is sent to the oil pump.
Components
Filter Element: This is the primary component that captures and holds the contaminants present in the oil. It is
usually made of paper, synthetic fibers, or metal mesh.
Filter Housing: The filter element is housed inside a casing or housing, which is typically made of metal or
plastic. The housing provides support and protection to the filter element.
Gasket: A gasket is used to create a tight seal between the filter housing and the mounting surface to prevent oil
leaks.

Pressure Relief Valve: Some oil strainers have a pressure relief valve that allows oil to bypass the filter element
if the pressure differential across the filter becomes too high. This helps prevent damage to the filter and ensures
adequate oil flow.

Anti-Drain Back Valve: This valve prevents oil from draining out of the filter when the engine is not running,
ensuring that oil is readily available when the engine is started.
Mounting Plate: The mounting plate is used to secure the oil strainer to the engine or hydraulic system. It often
contains the threads or bolts used to attach the strainer.
Oil Pump and its types
Oil pump
The oil pump is used to pump oil from the oil sump to the Oil galleries at a certain pressure. It is located in the
crankcase and is driven by the camshaft. Four types of oil pumps are used.
Types of oil pumps used in lubrication system
• Gear type

• Plunger type
• rotor type
• Ven type
Gear type oil pump

This pump, two gears are mounted in a housing with very little clearance. One of these gears is given a drive. So
when it starts rotating, the other gear connected to it also starts rotating. Both gears rotate in opposite direction.
Therefore, a vacuum is created in the gear and the oil in the sump is drawn. And on the other side pressure is sent
to the oil gallery through the pressure relief valve to the filter at the appropriate pressure

143
CITS : Automotive - Mechanic Diesel - Lesson 39 - 46 CITS : Automotive - Mechanic Diesel - Lesson 39 - 46