Page 139 - WCS - Electrical

WORKSHOP CALCULATION & SCIENCE - CITS

Comparison of the Properties of Cast Iron, Mild Steel and steel

Property Cast Iron Mild Steel Steel

Carbon contents from 0.1 Carbon contents from 0.5 to
Composition Carbon contents from 2 to 4.5%
to 0.25% 1.7%
- Moderate compressive
- High compressive strength strength - High compressive strength
Strength - Poor tensile strength - Moderate tensile - High tensile strength
strength
- Poor shearing strength - High shearing strength
- High shearing strength

Malleability Poor High High

Ductility Poor High High

Moderately hard and can
be hardened by heating to
Hardness Mild Hard
hardening temperature and
quenching
Toughness varies with carbon
Toughness Possesses poor toughness Very tough
content
Brittleness Brittle Malleable Malleable
Forgeability Cannot be forged Can be forged Can be forged

Weldability Cannot be welded with difficulty Can be welded very easily Can be welded

Casting Can be easily cast Can be cast but not easily Can be cast
Elasticity Poor High High

S.No Ferrous metals Non Ferrous metals
1 Iron content is more Iron content is missing

2 The melting point is high The melting point is low.
3 This is of brown and black colour This is of different colours
4 This catches rust This doesn’t catch rust.
5 This can be magnetised This cannot be magnetised
6 This is brittle in cold state This becomes brittle in hot state

Difference between cast Iron and steel

S.No Cast Iron Steel
1 Carbon content is high Carbon content is less
2 Carbon is in free state Carbon is mixed
3 Melting point is low Melting point is high
4 It cannot be magnetised It can be magnetised

5 Because it is brittle, it cannot be forged In can be forged
6 It rusts with difficulty It rusts quickly
7 It cannot be welded It can be welded

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CITS : WCS - Electrical - Exercise 11