Page 48 - CITS - Fitter - Trade Theory
P. 48
FITTER - CITS
LESSON 5 : Definition of cutting speed, spindle speed
(RPM), feed, depth of cut
Objectives
At the end of this lesson you shall be able to
• state the factors for determining the cutting speed
• determine RPM/spindle speed
• select RPM for drill sizes from tables
Definition of cutting speed: Cutting speed is the speed at which the cutting edge passes over the material while
cutting, and is expressed in metres per minute.
Cutting speed is also sometimes stated as surface speed or peripheral speed. The selection of the recommended
cutting speed for drilling depends on the materials to be drilled and the tool material. Tool manufacturers usually
provide a table of cutting speeds required for different materials. The recommended cutting speeds for different
materials are given in the Based on the cutting speed recommended, the r.p.m, at which a drill has to be driven
Cutting speed calculation
n – r.p.m
v - Cutting speed in m/min.
d - diameter of the drill in mm.
p = 3.14
Definition of RPM (Spindle speed)
The term “RPM” stands for “Revolutions Per Minute,” and it is commonly used to measure the rotational speed
of a spinning object, such as the spindle in machinery. The spindle speed, often expressed in RPM, is crucial in
various industrial and manufacturing processes, especially in machining operations like milling and drilling.
In machining, the spindle speed is a critical parameter that determines the cutting speed of a tool as it interacts
with the workpiece. The appropriate spindle speed depends on factors such as the material being machined, the
type of cutting tool, and the desired surface finish.
Formula for spindle speed (RPM)
(Cutting speed×1000)/(dp)
Recommeded cutting speed
Materials being drilled (HSS Tool)
Aluminium 70-100
Brass 35-50
Bronze(phosphor) 20-35
Cast iron (grey) 25-401
Copper 35-45
Steel (medium carbon/mild steel) 20-30
Steel (alloy, high tensile) 5-8
Thermosetting plastic (low speed due to abrasive properties) 20-30
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CITS : CG & M - Fitter - Lesson 4