Page 30 - Mechanic Diesel - TT

MECHANIC DIESEL - CITS

To remove heat from wastewater generated by power plants or manufacturing plants the following technologies
are used:
• Cooling ponds, man-made bodies of water designed for cooling by evaporation, convection, and radiation
• Cooling towers, which transfer waste heat to the atmosphere through evaporation or heat transfer

• Cogeneration, a process where waste heat is recycled for domestic or industrial heating purposes.
4 Hazardous waste management: Hazardous-waste management, the collection, treatment, and disposal of
waste material that, when improperly handled, can cause substantial harm to human health and safety or to the
environment. Hazardous wastes can take the form of solids, liquids, sludge or contained gases, and they are
generated primarily by chemical production, manufacturing, and other industrial activities.

They may cause damage during inadequate storage, transportation, treatment, or disposal operations. Improper
hazardous-waste storage or disposal frequently contaminates surface and groundwater supplies. In an effort to
remedy existing problems and to prevent future harm from hazardous wastes, governments closely regulate the
practice of hazardous waste management.
Hazardous - waste characteristics: Hazardous wastes are classified on the basis of their biological, chemical,
and physical properties. These properties generate materials that are toxic, reactive, ignitable, corrosive,
infectious, or radioactive. Toxic wastes are poisons, even in very small or trace amounts. They may have acute
effects, causing death or violent illness, or they may have chronic effects, slowly causing irreparable harm.
Some are carcinogenic, causing cancer after many years of exposure. Others are mutagenic, causing major
biological changes in the offspring of exposed humans and wildlife. Reactive wastes are chemically unstable and
react violently with air or water. They cause explosions or form toxic vapors. Ignitable wastes burn at relatively
low temperatures and may cause an immediate fire hazard. Corrosive wastes include strong acidic or alkaline
substances. They destroy solid material and living tissue upon contact, by chemical reaction. (Fig 15)

Fig 15

Importance of healthy Environment
Welfare facilities are an essential part of good working conditions. Good welfare facilities contribute not only to
the welfare of workers, but also to production and better relations. If workers are denied facilities to meet their
needs, problems will eventually result. The cost of welfare facilities is usually lower if the enterprise provides them
than if workers’ pay for them individually.
A Sanitary facilities

B Repair of sanitary facilities
The workplace should have good sanitary facilities. Clean toilets, washing facilities and shower rooms are
important. It is necessary to provide a sufficient number of such facilities and to keep them clean.

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CITS : Automotive - Mechanic Diesel - Lesson 01 - 04