Page 306 - Mechanic Diesel - TT

MECHANIC DIESEL - CITS

4 Natural Gas: Compressed or liquefied natural gas (CNG/LNG).

Properties: Abundant, cleaner burning than gasoline or diesel.
Advantages: Lower emissions, domestic availability, established infrastructure.
Disadvantages: Still a fossil fuel, methane leakage concerns, limited refueling stations.
5 Hybrid: Combines internal combustion engines with electric propulsion.

Properties: Utilizes both traditional fuels and electricity’s
Advantages: Improved fuel efficiency, lower emissions, longer driving range.
Disadvantages: Initial cost premium, complexity of dual systems, limited pure electric range.
Each type of alternative fuel has its unique set of properties, advantages, and disadvantages, making them
suitable for different applications and contexts.
CNG engine and its advantages. CNG conversion kit, Function, constructional details of Gas injection
type

Petroleum Liquid Fuels Like Petrol and Diesel Used in Motor Vehicles Contain Harmful Elements Such as Lead,
Sulphur, And Benzene, Which Contribute to Pollution. When These Fuels Burn, They Release Nitrogen Oxide
(No2) And Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCS), Which, When Exposed to Sunlight, Form Ozone, A Pollutant.
To Address Increasing Pollution and Fuel Prices, in 1987, There Was a Move Towards Using LPG and CNG as
Alternative Fuels for Vehicles. In 2001, The Delhi Government Decided to Officially Adopt CNG Due to Concerns
About the Risks Associated with LPG. CNG Has Been Used as A Vehicle Fuel Since 1958 In Over 100 Countries.

CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) Is Composed of Carbon, Sulfur, And Nitrogen. It Has a High Self-Ignition
Temperature of 730°C, Making It Safe to Handle. With A Molecular Weight of 16, It’s Lighter Than Air, Reducing
The Risk of Pollution If Leaked. CNG Only Ignites in The Air When Its Concentration Is Between 5.3% And 15%,
So It’s Not Highly Flammable. Compared to Vehicles Running On Petrol and Diesel, Those Powered by CNG
Are Safer, Emitting Lower Levels of Carbon Monoxide, Sulfur, And Lead. This Leads to an 85% Reduction in
Nitrogen Oxides and A 70% Reduction in Reactive Hydrocarbons. CNG Combustion Produces Less Particulate
Matter, Increasing Engine Lifespan and Reducing Maintenance Costs. Its Purification Process Is Simpler, with an
Octane Number of 120 To 130, Offering High Knock Resistance. Engines Running On CNG Have Higher Thermal
Efficiency and Longer Distances Per Unit of Fuel Compared to Petrol Engines. For Example, A CNG-Powered
Taxi Can Cover 18 Km Per Liter, While A Petrol Taxi Covers Only 10 Km. A Maruti 800 Zen Can Cover 350 Km On
a Full CNG Cylinder, And A Cielo Can Cover 200 Km.

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CITS : Automotive - Mechanic Diesel - Lesson 88 - 93