Page 55 - CITS - WCS - Mechanical

WORKSHOP SCIENCE - CITS

• Manufacturing of hardware.
• Manufacturing of transport materials, automobile parts, etc
• Manufacturing of construction materials.
• Manufacturing of weapons.
• Manufacturing of heating appliance.
• Manufacturing of furniture.
Tools steels are distinguished by their hardness, resistance to wear, toughness, and resistance to softening at
high temperatures. These properties make them suitable candidates for tool manufacturing, including reamers,
drills, machine dies, and hand tools. Non-ferrous metals are used in countless manufacturing applications. You
can find them in airplane fuselages as well automotive engines, fasteners, wiring kits, building roofs, pipes and
more. Unlike ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals contain any meaningful amount of iron.

Types of Composition Uses
Metals

Aluminium Without the addition of alloying elements, it is Marine equipment, construction material
more ductile and not quite as strong as many such as beams and rails, and certain types of
steels (and far lighter) but can still achieve very cookware.
strengths. It forms a protective oxide layer that
helps it reduce the risk of corrosion.
Copper In an unalloyed state it is softer, more ductile, Electrical components such as wires
and not as strong as carbon steel. Copper terminals, and other types of connectors,
can be alloyed with other elements to give it coating on some currency, pipes for
improved mechanical properties. When copper plumbing, tools, and decorative work.
is alloyed with tin is bronze and when alloyed
with significant amounts of zinc, it is brass.

Nickel Nickel is another popular non-ferrous alloy. Cryogenic equipment such as tanks; hot-
Nickel is known for its toughness, ability section aerospace equipment such as
to perform in high temperature and low combustion chamber components; and
temperature environments, and corrosion marine equipment.
resistance. Nickel is not often used in its pure
form, and like copper and aluminium, it is often
alloyed with other elements to gain superior
chemical and mechanical properties.
Brass Brass is copper alloyed with a lot of zinc. Adding Taps, locks, piping, letter boxes, ornaments
aluminium improves resistance to corrosion, and many electrical appliances.
manganese, iron, tin and aluminium its
durability, and lead its machinability. Brass has
high thermal and electrical conductivity.
Non-metallic materials are widely used across a range of industries for a wealth of applications, from composites
used in aerospace to polymer pipes used to transport fluids and liquids. Rubber, vinyl and ceramic are all
commonly used non-metallic materials, as well as adhesives and sealants.
Wood is a non-metallic material that sees heavy use in the construction industry. Wood still makes up furniture,
home constructions, bridges, and innumerable smaller applications.
A rubber band is made up of almost all non-metal elements (mostly carbon and hydrogen) and they are very
flexible.
Chair, table, bathroom items, duster, chalk, container, clothes, etc. a lot of items are made up of non-metallic
materials, floor, walls, shoes, photo-frames, books, library shelves are also can be of non-metallic material.
It is categorized as non-metal because it is an allotrope of carbon that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity,
non-malleable and non-ductile, non-reactive, and does not produce oxides and uses of ferrous metals, non-
ferrous metals, alloys etc.
Properties use of non-metals, such as wood, plastic, rubber, ceramics industrial adhesives.

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CITS : WCS - Mechanical - Exercise 2